Skin disease: folliculitis

Introduction :

Skin is one of the largest organ in our body.

In this small article ,We have to see one other the skin condition is called folliculitis

Normal hair follicle

Definition;

The folliculitis is the inflammation of the hair follicles caused by staphylococcus aureus.

Comparing healthy follicle

Causes :

Friction

Moistone

Roughing

Oily skin

Poor hygiene

Poor nutrition

Prolonged skin moisture

Tight heavy fabrics

Upper legs & trauma to skin

Clinical manifestation :

Small puds pulecles

Appear hair follicles and surrounding by emphyma

Burning and itching

Tender to touch

Rashes

Blister

Pimples or redness

Severe infections can cause permanent hair loss

Pus and swelling

It is found on extremities scalp, legs, eyelids and etc

Management :

Non pharmacological ;

Antibacterial soap – use of antibacterial soap is help to reduce infections (ex) anti streptococci soap

Avoid allergic exposure

Avoid over sunlight exposure

Use moisturizer to protect further damage

Avoid shaving in affected area

Warm compression may help to reduce infections and promote comfort

Maintain personal hygiene

Take good nutritional foods and avoid allergic foods

Pharmacological management:

Antibiotics ex;cephlaxin

Penicillin

Topical antiseptic ex;clotromazole

Stay safe and live health 👍👍👍🙏

EMPHYSEMA 👨‍⚕👨‍⚕

Introduction :

Lung is the one of the vital organ. In this article we have to see emphysema that effect the lung. It is a small article,……

Definition :

It is a long progressive disease of the lungs that primarily causes shortness of breath, due to over inflation of the alveoli.

Emphysema is included in group in a group is called COPD

CAUSES :

Smoking

Inhaled toxins

Indoor cooking & health

Work related causes

Risk factors :

Low body weight

Childhood respiratory disorder

Passive smoker

Air pollution

Occupational dust

Inhaled chemicals

Pathophysiology :

1 . breakdown of bronchioler walls

2 . Enlarged bronchiols

3 . Few and large damaged sac

4 . Result reduced surface area for exchange of oxygen in blood

5 . It is a permanent non reversible change

6 . Reduce respiratory functions

7 . Sacs are destroyed and narrowed

Finally lungs have a irreversible disease condition,…..

Signs and symptoms

Frequent lung infection

Shortness of breath

Wheezing

Cough

Cyanosis

Weight loss

Anxiety and sleep problems

Fatigue

Diagnosis :

History collection

Physical examination

Chest x ray

CT scan

Pulmonary function test

ABG analysis

Disease Management :

Pharmacology :

Bronchodilators

Beta-antagonist

Anticholinergics

Corticosteroid

Therapies :

Oxygen therapy

Pulmonary rehabilitation therapy

Nutritional therapy

Surgical management :

Lung volume reduction surgery – In a scenario

Lung transplantation

Nursing management ;

Asses patients condition like physical examination, pulmonary system examination

Monitor vital signs according to the patients condition

Provide back rest and comfortable position

Administer oxygen therapy

Administer drugs as per doctors prescription

Help to regain through breathing therapy and inhalation

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Rheumatic Fever

STREPTOCOCCAL THROAT  INFECTION

DEFINITION :

Rheumatic fever is an autoimmune disease is called streptococcal throat infection.

That causes inflammatory lesions in the connective tissues, heart, joints, blood vessels and subcutaneous tissues.

Complications ;

Rheumatic heart disease

Rheumatic endocarditis

Valve narrowing or stenosis

Risk factors:

Family history, bacterial infection, streptococcus bacteria, environmental factors

Clinical manifestation :

General fever

Major – Arthritis in several joint

Heart inflammation

Nodules under the skin

Skin rashes

Minor – low fever

Joint pain

Irregular heart rhythm

ESR elevation

CRP elevation

Prolonged PR intervel in ECG

Diagnostic Evaluation :

History collection

Physical examination

ECG

ECHO

Blood test

CRP

ASO type

Medical Management

1.Antibiotic therapy

Penicillin, Erythromycin, procaine penicillin, Sulfadiazine

2.Anti inflammatory

Aspirin and steroids

Nursing Management

Reduce the fever

Maintaining adequate cardiac output

Maintain activity

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